Infrared Sensor

An infrared proximity sensor that outputs a digital signal when something enters its detection range, with a potentiometer to set that range anywhere from about 2 to 30 cm. Cheaper and faster than ultrasonic, and it needs only one pin. The trade-off is that detection distance depends on the target's colour and reflectivity: a white wall triggers it much further out than a black one. Fine for obstacle detection and object counting, not for measuring actual distance. Single digital pin, very simple to use; Adjustable detection range via potentiometer; Faster response than ultrasonic sensing; Indicator LED confirms detection during setup